There are many different insoles available. They are available in many different sizes and shapes and are made for for different treatment purposes. In general we recommend that's an insole should be full length so that it does not move in the shoe.
It is usually good to consult an orthotist if the insole is being used for a specific purpose as they will be able to advise on the exact type that would suit you best.
The most important thing to consider when choosing a shoe is the shape of your foot and how it fits within the shoe. It is very important that there are no parts of your foot that are squeezed or rubbed by the shoewear as this will cause pain.
If your foot Is a strange shape then finding footwear is more difficult. There are some people who have such significant foot deformities that they cannot use normal "Off-the-shelf" shoes but rather require shoes that are made to fit their feet (bespoke). An orthotist or podiatrist can help with this.
There are many other orthotics which may help people with foot and ankle problems. Examples include night splints for plantar fasciitis, foot drop splints, toe separators, silicone sleeves to straighten toes, wedges and heel raises to help with leg length differences. Rocker bottom shoes can help with the pain of big toe arthritis and ankle arthritis. A good podiatrist or orthotist can advise on these.
Below are some manufacturers who make good quality footwear. Mr Machin has no affiliation with these companies, and if you are unsure of which type of shoe or device will help you, seek advice from a podiatrist or foot & ankle specialist.